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Professors Peter Newman and Jeff Kenworthy has come up with an interesting concept they call 'automobile dependence' to explain the situation in the major cities worldwide, mostly in major cities in the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Europe. The idea is that the predominant use of cars in these cities, severely restricts freedom of people to move in their own city. There is a car culture that has developed leading to the end of an addiction to them. The number of cars is increasing exponentially due to the increased demand for them. It's almost as if people in these cities have become dependent on cars as a basic necessity of life. People with financial resources that are falling into the luxury of acquiring more vehicles and more, bringing resulted in diminishing returns they get from each vehicle.
A whirlpool effect is created by car dependency. Due to the large amount of vehicles, traffic jams are common, which in turn demand the need for major roads leading to the reduction of signals and pedestrian crossing other road features in common. Although at an individual level, these measures increase the pleasure derived from the vehicle, are just another reflection of the disparity in ordinary income of these cities as features such as public transport and pedestrian facilities, which provide persons belonging to classes economic downturns are reduced. Furthermore, there is also a social stigma attached to people using public transport. The increase in the pleasure of driving the vehicle induces more traffic volumes leading to more traffic congestion.
The culture of these cities is being changed to provide greater convenience for users of the car. Parking lots have become an infrastructure need. Outdoor markets and festivals are limited to facilitate traffic. Public Network roads have traditionally been used for processions, but the laws are being taken to prevent people from exercising their right to protest on the roads. Drive-throughs and drive-ins have become one of the common characteristics of urban centers. These can only be accessed by car induce more traffic because these additional benefits and advantages attached to a car. This also leads even more traffic, resulting in another manifestation of the whirlpool effect spiral we've been talking about.
The issue of environmental sustainability is a major concern in the concept of car dependence. The nonrenewable resources are quickly consumed by these cars. There are also causes massive pollution emitted greenhouse gases that cause warming global. Car dependence leads to global warming is causing major environmental damage. Approaches new urbanism, transit-oriented development and smart growth are being taken to address the problem of car dependency in urban centers. However, there are many skeptics who doubt measures against car dependence and the feasibility of alternative transport is not available in the same degree of flexibility and speed. Technological advances in the automotive industry can address some of the problems caused, producers are making cleaner cars that do less harm to the environment. The reduction of greenhouse gases emitted prevent future global warming. However, car dependence is a social, cultural and environmental is present in the world and must be addressed more forcefully and holistically.
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Article Source: ArticlesBase.com – The Concept of Automobile Dependency
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